Smoke-consuming bridge-wall cap



(No Model.)

H. LIE-BBB.

SMOKE GONSUMING BRIDGEWALL GAP.

Patented Feb. 26, 1889.

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HENRY LIEBBE, OF DES MOINES, IOlVii.

SMOKE C QNSUh/HNG BRIDGE-WALL CAR SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 398,4:15, dated February 26, 1889.

Application filed October 29, 1888. Serial No. 289,458. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, HENRY LIEBBE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Des Moines, in the county of Polk and State of Iowa, have invented a newand useful Smoke- Consuming Bridgeall Cap, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a device to be used in connection with the construction of boilers and heating-furnaces generally where the combustion-chamber is inclosed on the fourth side with what is commonly termed the bridge-wall, and is for the purpose of producing a nearly-perfect system of combustion of the escaping particles of carbon set free in the combustion of coal, which usually pass oit unconsumed through the fine or chimney and produce what is termed black smoke, which is not only a great loss and waste of fuel, but also highly objectionable from a sanitary and aesthetic standpoint to the resideiiits of cities where coal, and especially soft or bituminous coal, is largely used in both power and heating plants. As heating-furnaces are ordinarily constructed the air-supply to support combustion is taken through the grate; and whereas it is a recognized fact that this is inadequate for'perfect combustion and that some air admitted above the grate is a great advantage, various devices and contrivances have been resorted to for the purpose of so introducing atmospheric air, and usually at or near the bridge, but thus far only with slight success, due to the fact that inventors have either not known or failed to supply the air so introduced at a sufiiciently-heated state. Experiments show that the carbon an d hydrogen set free in combustion will not combine with the oxygen of the air until the latter is raised to from 600 to 800 Fahrenheit, and at that temperature ignites and burns, and thus prevents a waste of fuel and avoids black smoke. Hence the object of my invention is to supply air to a furnace sufficiently heated to enable the oxygen of the air to combine with the carbon and hydrogen contained in the smoke to support perfect combustion. I accomplish this by the device shown at A, Figure 1.

Fig. l is a cross section of an ordinary tubular boiler and its setting, showing an elevation of bridge-wall cap at A. Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of bridge-wall and cap on line B 0. wall cap on line D E, and Fig. 4: shows a crosssection of tubes on line as y.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The cap contains air-passages a, h, and a, separated from each other by partitions 1 and 2. In the top shell of cavity 0 a series of openings are provided, (marked 72,) over which are set portable hollow teeth (I d cl and c, all as shown.

The operation of the cap is as follows: The bridge-wall being built hollow and said hollow having ainsupply passages in any manner, or as at I I, the. air flows into cavity a through openings 6 e, thence flows to right and left into cavity 1) through openings f f in partition 2, thence through cavity 1) into cavity c through openings 9 g in partition 1. From this cavity the air will flow upward through openings h h 71 h in top shell of cavity 0, then into the hollow cavity of teeth dd d d, the form of the cavity in said teeth being such as will deflect the air to a horizontal di rection to rear, all as indicated by arrows. B y this arrangementthe air flows through the successive cavities and becomes heated in its course by being confined therein until it issues out from back edge of the hollow teeth and in numerous vertical streams directly over the bridge, where the of combustion are most dense. The cap and teeth be ing exposed externally to the direct rays of the lire and the products of combustion, their temperature is raised to a high degree, but they do not become consumed or burned by reason of the continual unobstructed flow of air from within, which results in burning the carbon and hydrogen in the smoke completely without any detrimental results, which is the object desired.

The form of teeth is such that as the gases pass through between them the vacuumtorming tendency accelerates the flow of hot air from their cavities.

I purpose constructing the cap of such ma terials as willbest resist the action of the firesuch as iron, aluminum, plumbago, and fire clayto suit special cases.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of bridge EFI am aware thathollowbridge-Walls, bridge- 2. I11 a smokeconsuming furnace, the wall plates, &o.,have been used prior to my bridge-wall cap provided With hollow tubes invention. I do not therefore claim the same, or teeth for diffusing the heated air, the form broadly; but of teeth as shown, with open back and curved I 5 5 hat I claim is cavity to deflect the outflowing current to 1. In a smoke consuming furnace, the a horizontal direction, all substantially as bridge-Wall cap having circulating-chambers shown. a b c, withpartitions 1 and 2, connecting with HENRY LIEBBE. each other by openings f f and g g through Witnesses: 1o partitions 1 and 2, in combination with open- EDMUND J. VVIDEN, ings h h h and hollow tubes or teeth d d cl d. THOMAS 0. KING. 

